The three different types of intellectual property -- copyrights, patents, and trademarks -- are similar in some ways, in that they protect an artist or creator's rights to his or her creation, but the scope of that protection varies considerably.
Let's take an overview look at each type of intellectual property protection.
Copyrights
Copyrights protect original works of authorship -- the usual examples you might think of, such as books, movies, and photographs, along with some odder examples like architectural works or vessel hull designs.
You should know: A copyright doesn't protect an idea, whether it's your idea for a book, a business, or a song. It just protects the expression of that idea -- the thing itself.
Where it's filed: The US Copyright Office handles official registrations. (However, note that this type of IP protection is provided by federal law even without an official registration.)
Patents
Patents protect processes, inventions, and certain types of scientific discoveries. This is commonly (and correctly) known as the "inventor's intellectual property."
You should know: There are three different types of patents: Design, Utility, and Plant. Your legal protection depends on you completing the correct application for your registration.
Where it's filed: Patents are filed with the US Patent and Trademark Office located in Alexandria, Virginia.
Trademarks
You should know: Two common ways to designate a trademark are the (R) and the TM signs -- but be careful which you use! (R) is only to be used for registered trademarks, while TM indicates your intellectual property if you are not registered or if your application is pending.
Where it's filed: Trademarks are also filed with the USPTO.
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